I've seen that style of clutch once before, on another vintage Thunder Tiger, a 1983 Silver Fox... I couldn't figure it out either, since the pins were "solid" and not articulated. I can only guess that the shoes are supposed to just flex outwards while the pins stay in position?
Maybe the old shoes have hardened / gone brittle, such that they're not able to do that...
Seems like a weird solution but I can't think of any other way that would work.
Thunder Tiger did use a strange flywheel arrangement on some of their engines, like they split the difference between threaded and OS-shaft engines - they use a "prop nut" spacer with a brass cone, a flywheel with a 1/4" bore, and then a clutch nut. I made my own by drilling out a 5mm flywheel to 1/4" (6.35mm), to fit a Thunder Tiger Evo-12 engine.
By some strange quirk of stock and supply, Redcat has some of
those kinds of flywheels in stock, but on clearance... I bought one and can verify that it is "in between" the 5mm straight-bore and tapered-bored flywheels, by having a 6.35mm straight bore. It might be worth swapping one of those in and using modern, sprung clutches on it.